Tuswoyo Pengarang

Institutionalized opposition parties in Parliament are not only present in parliamentary systems. The relationship between opposition and ruling parties in the presidential systems has different characteristics from that of the parliamentary system. In a presidential system,the relationship between the ruling parties andthe opposition parties are more negotiable. In this case, the opposition and the ruling parties are able to produce policies that are more accountable through the mechanism of check and balance. PDIP experience proves that being an opposition party can be effective in a presidential system, in which as opposition party, PDIP can criticize government policy with its ideological vision.